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核酸适配体-荧光传感技术在重金属检测领域的应用
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作者单位
李彤彤,孙晓红,张彦瑾,赵瑾,聂志勇 1.天津大学化工学院天津3003502.军事医学研究院毒物药物研究所抗毒药物与毒理学国家重点实验室北京1008503.军事医学研究院科研计划处北京100850 
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(21904049);国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(201910443005);济宁医学院大学生创新训练计划项目(cx2019061);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J18KB047);济宁医学院教师扶持基金项目(JYFC2018FY005)
中文摘要:重金属污染环境后难以自然降解或无害化,进入有机体后有较强的生物蓄积性,会对环境安全和人类健康造成巨大威胁;此外,有些高毒重金属离子还可作为蓄意投毒、威胁恐吓的恐怖剂。因此,对环境中的重金属离子实现快速、现场检测尤为重要。传统仪器检测方法前处理复杂、成本高、操作需要专业人员,现场应用受限。近年来随着技术的发展和新材料的应用,荧光传感器的灵敏度、便携性及成本等均得到较大改进。其中,基于核酸适配体捕获的荧光传感技术在重金属特异性识别方面更是得到广泛开发和应用。该文从标记型、非标记型及纳米材料辅助等方向,综述了核酸适配体-荧光传感技术在重金属检测领域的应用,以期为重金属的现场快速检测提供思路。
中文关键词:核酸适配体  荧光传感  重金属检测
 
Application of Aptamer-based Fluorescence Sensor in the Field of Heavy Metal Detection
Abstract:Heavy metals are difficult to degrade after polluting the environment and have strong bioaccumulation after entering the organism,which poses a great threat to environmental safety and human health.In addition,some high toxic heavy metal ions could also be used as terrorist agents for deliberate poisoning and threat.Therefore,it is urgent to develop rapid and on site detection methods for heavy metals.Due to the complex pretreatment,high cost and professional needing,the on site applications of traditional instrument detection methods are limited.Recently,with the development of technology and the application of new materials,the sensitivity,portability and cost of fluorescence sensing technology have been greatly improved,among which the aptamer based fluorescence sensing technology has been widely developed and applied in the specific recognition toward heavy metals.In this paper,the applications of aptamer based fluorescence sensors in the detection of heavy metal ions are reviewed in the fields of labeled,unlabeled and nano materials,aiming to provide ideas for the rapid detection of heavy metal ions in the field.
Key Words:nucleic acid aptamers  fluorescence sensing  detection of heavy metal ions
引用本文:李彤彤,孙晓红,张彦瑾,赵瑾,聂志勇.核酸适配体-荧光传感技术在重金属检测领域的应用[J].分析测试学报,2021,40(4):478-487.
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