| G-四链体探针在病毒基因检测和成像中的应用进展 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21725503和22034002） |
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| 中文摘要:病毒依赖宿主细胞完成生命周期，影响着地球上所有生物，是人类疾病的主要原因之一，对人类健康以及社会经济造成严重影响，因此开发检测病毒的工具对防治病毒感染和预防病毒导致的疾病具有重要意义。病毒基因组在病毒的生命周期中发挥着重要作用，为病毒检测提供了有效靶点。G-四链体（G4）是由富含鸟嘌呤的核酸折叠形成的一种稳定的核酸二级结构，其参与多种生物功能的调节，在重要的细胞生理过程中起到关键作用。G4特异性探针的迅速发展为生物传感新方法的构建以及G4结构的检测和细胞成像提供了不可缺少的关键元件。目前，G4/探针复合物作为信号输出单元在生物传感中得到广泛应用，其中一些方法可实现对多种病毒基因序列的免标记检测，在病毒相关疾病的诊断和临床分析领域显示出巨大的潜力。另外，G4广泛存在于在病毒基因组中，成为病毒基因中的潜在成像靶点，为病毒的可视化提供了新的思路。该文综述了基于G4探针构建的生物传感方法在病毒基因检测中的研究进展，介绍了G4结构在多种病毒中的生理作用，并总结了G4探针在病毒基因组成像中的应用，最后对病毒检测存在的问题以及发展趋势进行了总结和展望。 |
| 中文关键词:病毒 G-四链体探针 检测 成像 |
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| Application Advances of G-quadruplex Probes in Virus Gene Detection and Imaging |
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| Abstract:Viruses rely on host cells to complete their life cycle and affect all living beings on the Earth. They are one of the main reasons for human disease，causing severe impacts on human health and the social economy．Thus，it is essential to exploit detection techniques for prevention of viral infections and treatment of viral diseases．The virus genome plays a crucial role in the life cycle of the virus，providing an effective target for the detection of the virus．G-quadruplex（G4） is a nucleic acid secondary structure with two or more stacked G-quartets formed by G-rich sequences via Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding．G4 involves in the regulation of multiple biological functions and plays a vital role in important cellular physiological processes．The explosive growth of G4-specific probes provides indispensable key components for the construction of G4 biosensing methods，the detection of G4 structure，and cell imaging．As a signal output，G4/probe complexes have been widely used in biosensing．Several methods are capable of label－free detection of a variety of viral gene sequences，showing great potential in the diagnosis and clinical analysis of viral diseases．Additionally，G4s widely exist in the viral genome and have become a potential target for imaging viral genes. Therefore，the application of G4 probes in developing virus detection methods is reviewed in this paper，the physiological role of G4 structure in a variety of viruses is introduced，and the virus genome visualization based on the G4 probe is summarized．Finally，the challenges and development trends in the detection of virus are summarized and prospected. |
| Key Words:virus G-quadruplexes probes detection imaging |
| 引用本文：张家恒,雷春阳,聂舟.G-四链体探针在病毒基因检测和成像中的应用进展[J].分析测试学报,2022,41(1):43-49. |
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