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快检技术在毒品分析中的应用
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作者单位
单雅冰,李珉,霍雨萌,马俊,刘虎威 1. 北京市禁毒科技中心北京 100164 2. 北京市药品检验研究院北京 102206 3. 武昌理工学院 生命科学学院湖北 武汉 430223 4. 北京大学 化学与分子工程学院北京 100871 
基金项目:公安部禁毒科技攻关项目(2021jdgga06);国家自然科学基金项目(22174100)
中文摘要:毒品问题一直是困扰全球的社会顽疾。简易、快速、灵敏的毒品检测方法在毒品鉴定、吸毒认定和戒毒监控等方面具有重要作用。近年来毒品的快检方法主要基于免疫分析、质谱以及光谱等技术开展研究。免疫分析技术成本低、操作简单,适用于在现场检验和大样本群体性检验中发挥筛选排查作用。质谱法分析时间短,适合快速筛选和高通量分析,便携质谱可用于现场毒品快速检测。光谱法在毒品检测中具有快速无损、指纹识别、高灵敏、高准确率等优点,得到了广泛关注。该文结合近年来的有关报道,综述了上述快检技术在毒品分析中的研究进展,讨论了多种技术在毒品分析中存在的不足以及面临的挑战,并对毒品快检技术进行了展望,以期为科研人员开展毒品快检方法的研究提供参考和借鉴,推动快检技术的不断发展。
中文关键词:毒品  ?快检  ?免疫法  ?质谱法  ?光谱法
 
Application of Rapid Detection Techniques in Illicit Drug Analysis
Abstract:The illicit drug issues have always been a social disease plaguing the world.Simple,rapid and sensitive drug detection methods play an important role in drug identification,drug use identification and drug rehabilitation monitoring. In recent years,the researches on rapid detection methods for drugs are mainly based on immunoassay,mass spectrometry and spectroscopy.Immunoassay technique with low cost and simple operation is suitable for screening in field tests and large sample group tests.Mass spectrometry analysis is time-saving,suitable for rapid screening and high throughput analysis,while portable mass spectrometry could be used for rapid detection of drugs in the field.Spectroscopy has attracted a widespread attention due to its advantages in drug detection,such as rapid nondestructive,fingerprint identification,high sensitivity and high accuracy.The research progresses on rapid detection methods for drugs in recent years are summarized in this paper.Meanwhile,the shortcomings,challenges and prospective of various techniques are also discussed.The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for researchers to develop rapid drug detection methods,so as to promote the continual development of rapid drug detection techniques.
Key Words:illicit drug  ?rapid detection  ?immunoassay  ?mass spectrometry  ?spectroscopy
引用本文:单雅冰,李珉,霍雨萌,马俊,刘虎威.快检技术在毒品分析中的应用[J].分析测试学报,2022,41(4):536-544.
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