| 基于核磁共振代谢组学技术比较不同产地铁棍山药的化学成分差异 |
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| 基金项目:河南省医学科技攻关计划项目（LHGJ20190825）；国家卫健委出生缺陷预防重点实验室基本科研费（JBKY2020011）；河南省青年人才托举工程（2020HYTP005） |
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| 中文摘要:该研究阐明了不同产地铁棍山药中化学成分的差异，为道地山药的产地鉴别提供了理论依据。利用核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）对铁棍山药进行分析，指认、归属了图谱中的30种主要代谢物后，通过主成分分析（PCA）、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析（OPLS－DA）对7种不同产地铁棍山药中的化学成分进行了比较。结果显示，温县垆土山药中精氨酸的含量最高，蔗糖含量最低，孟州垆土山药中苏氨酸、谷氨酰胺的含量最高；温县沙土山药的丙氨酸和苹果酸含量最高，武陟沙土山药的尿囊素含量最高；沙土地的铁棍山药中2-羟基异丁酸的含量均高于垆土地山药。7种铁棍山药葡萄糖和果糖的变量重要性投影（VIP）均小于1.0，并不是主要成分。液相色谱检测蔗糖、柠檬酸、苹果酸的结果与OPLS－DA载荷图结果一致；7种铁棍山药的葡萄糖和果糖含量均低于液相色谱检出限（2.0 mg/g），表明可以利用葡萄糖、果糖的含量和葡萄糖显色试剂鉴别铁棍山药是否为道地怀山药。 |
| 中文关键词:山药 ?道地药材 ?核磁共振 ?多元统计分析 ?葡萄糖 ?果糖 |
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| Comparison of Chemical Constituents in?Dioscorea polystachya Truczaninow cv. Tiegun Planted in Different Counties by 1H NMR Metabonomics Approach |
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| Abstract:Geo-authentic Chinese medicinal materials refer to those traditional Chinese medicines that have been verified through long-term clinical application and produced in a specific region．Huai Shanyao is a class of geo-authentic Chinese medicinal materials，while?Dioscorea polystachya Turczaninow cv.?Tiegun is considered the best Huai Shanyao as its price is the highest. So the dealers often adulterate?D.polystachya cv.?Tiegun planted in other places or other yams with similar appearance as the authentic?D.polystachya cv.?Tiegun planted at Wenxian county，Henan Province to earn higher profits．In the previous study，it was found that?D.polystachya cv.?Tiegun planted at Wenxian county could be verified according to the contents of glucose and fructose，and the tetrazolium solution could be used as an identification reagent for the rapid discrimination of?D.polystachya cv.?Tiegun from Wenxian county based on the color reaction of glucose．In fact，not only?D.polystachya cv．Tiegun from Wenxian county，but also the yams from other three counties（Mengzhou，Qinyang and Wuzhi） in Jiaozuo city，Henan Province belonged to Huai Shanyao．For the identification of Huai Shanyao，seven groups of D.polystachya Truczaninow cv.?Tiegun were analyzed by NMR-based metabolomics appraoach，and 30 metabolites were identified．The metabolites of different yams were analyzed using principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal projections to latent structures－discriminant analysis（OPLS－DA）．Multivariate analysis revealed that yam planted in loessial soils at Wenxian county（WL） had the highest level for arginine and the lowest level for sucrose．Meanwhile，Mengzhou loessial soil yam（ML） had the highest level of threonine and glutamine，Wenxian sandy soil yam （WS） had the highest level of alanine and malate，and Wuzhi sandy soil yam（ZS） had the highest level of allantoin．The level of 2-hydroxyisobutyrate in sandy soil yams is higher than loessial soil yam．Loading plots of OPLS－DA showed the variable important projections（VIPs） for glucose and fructose were both lower than 1.0，indicating that glucose and fructose were not the principle components．Contents of citrate，malate and sucrose were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC），and the results obtained were consistent with the loading plots of OPLS－DA．Glucose and fructose were undetectable by HPLC（LOD：2.0 mg/g） in all yams．All these results showed that geo-authentic Chinese yams（Huai Shanyao） could be verified according to the contents of glucose and fructose．And the glucose chromogenic reagents could be used as an indicator for the rapid discrimination of geo-authentic Chinese yams．This study reveals the metabolites difference in Huai Shanyao planted in different counties，as well as that the characteristic metabolites are the rationale for the authentication of geo-authentic Chinese yams． |
| Key Words:Dioscorea polystachya Truczaninow ?authentic medicinal materials ?nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） ?multivariate statistical analysis ?glucose ?fructose |
| 引用本文：魏亮，张超楠，李科研，位婷婷，祁少可，王艳丽，王强.基于核磁共振代谢组学技术比较不同产地铁棍山药的化学成分差异[J].分析测试学报,2022,41(5):774-780. |
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