Application Advances of G-quadruplex Probes in Virus Gene Detection and Imaging
  
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KeyWord:virus  G-quadruplexes probes  detection  imaging
  
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ZHANG Jia-heng,LEI Chun-yang,NIE Zhou State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University,Changsha ,China
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Abstract:
      Viruses rely on host cells to complete their life cycle and affect all living beings on the Earth. They are one of the main reasons for human disease,causing severe impacts on human health and the social economy.Thus,it is essential to exploit detection techniques for prevention of viral infections and treatment of viral diseases.The virus genome plays a crucial role in the life cycle of the virus,providing an effective target for the detection of the virus.G-quadruplex(G4) is a nucleic acid secondary structure with two or more stacked G-quartets formed by G-rich sequences via Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding.G4 involves in the regulation of multiple biological functions and plays a vital role in important cellular physiological processes.The explosive growth of G4-specific probes provides indispensable key components for the construction of G4 biosensing methods,the detection of G4 structure,and cell imaging.As a signal output,G4/probe complexes have been widely used in biosensing.Several methods are capable of label-free detection of a variety of viral gene sequences,showing great potential in the diagnosis and clinical analysis of viral diseases.Additionally,G4s widely exist in the viral genome and have become a potential target for imaging viral genes. Therefore,the application of G4 probes in developing virus detection methods is reviewed in this paper,the physiological role of G4 structure in a variety of viruses is introduced,and the virus genome visualization based on the G4 probe is summarized.Finally,the challenges and development trends in the detection of virus are summarized and prospected.
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